Articles written by G D Pandey on Rail News Center. Get latest Indian Railway news, railway employee updates, RBE orders, circulars and railway information.

How is failure of signals guarded against?

21-06-2019

Signal installations are designed as far as possible for fail-safe operation, which means that any failure should leave the system in a state where dangerous train movements are not allowed. For instance, in case of a failure detected at a panel interlocking installation, all signals controlled by it are designed to revert to On. Similarly, a failure detected in the block control circuit at the Starter signal causes all signals to the rear guarding the approach to the block section switch to On, and notification is sent automatically to the control centre or signal cabin. The signals themselves have two-filament bulbs, or two-bulb assemblies for each lamp, to provide redundancy in case of

What kinds of sleepers are used by IR?

July 18, 2019

Cast iron sleepers ('CST-9') are widely used. They are not very suitable for high-speed traffic and so are not usually seen on the mainline BG sections. The earlier 'pot sleepers' were especially prone to problems; newer cast iron sleepers (with ends that have two pockets) are much more laterally stable. Steel trough sleepers ('ST') are very

What kinds of rail joints does IR use?

July 18, 2019

Fishplated joints are the most basic joints seen, on lines where there is no track-circuiting, and no welded rail in use. Fishplated joints are so called because of the use of a fishplate, which is a bar that is attached by means of bolts (fishbolts) to the rails on either side of the joint. Usually there are two bolts securing the fishplate on

Who makes rails for IR?

July 18, 2019

A lot of rails come from SAIL (Steel Authority of India), a public sector company which makes rails at its Bhilai Steel Plant (now the second largest rail supplier in the world). SAIL supplies almost all the 52kg/m rails used by IR, and some of the 60kg/m rails. It supplies the basic 13m, 26m, and 80m rails, and is now manufacturing the 240m and

What types of welding are used for rails?

July 18, 2019

Principally two types of welding are used for rails. One is Flash Butt Welding, and the other is Alumino-Thermic Welding, also known as Thermit(e) welding. A third kind of welding, known as Gas Pressure welding, is used much less often, and a fourth kind, Metal Arc Welding, is very rarely used. In Flash Butt Welding, a strong electric current is

What are the ‘thick web switches’ (‘thick webbed switches’)?

July 18, 2019

The term thick web switches most commonly refers to a new design of sturdier BG switches on prestressed concrete sleepers, which can handle higher turnout speeds. These are made for 1:8.5 turnouts (less commonly, 1:12), with 160mm (less commonly 115mm) throw, and have clamp locks, spring setting devices (SSD), and the ZU-1-160 thick web rail. In

What are the common lengths of rails?

July 18, 2019

The most common length for BG rails is 13m (42'8'') although double-length rails (26m, 85'4'') are seen in some places. MG rails are usually 12m (39'4'') in length. NG rails vary, but the commonest length is 9m (29'6''). Much earlier (before the metric system was adopted!), rails were generally produced in sizes of 11, 12, or 14 yards (33', 36',

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How is failure of signals guarded against?

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