What does ‘Static Converter Fitted’ or similar annotation mean on a locomotive?

20-06-2019

What does ‘Static Converter Fitted’ or similar annotation mean on a locomotive? Locos traditionally had a rotary converter (of Arno make) to generate 3-phase AC on board to power auxiliary equipment such as traction motor blowers, compressors, exhausters, etc. Starting in the 1980s static converters using solid-state circuitry to generate 3-phase AC on board have been used instead of the Arno converter, driving up efficiency and reliability by eliminating the moving parts that the Arno contained. Also Read - WHAT AND HOW OF ADOPTION PROCESS IN INDIA Static convertors and microprocessor control have now become standard kit for all new production WAP-4s beginning from the 22640 series.

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Does IR use any other method of Last Vehicle Proving
July 16, 2019

Apart from axle counters or track circuits that indicate that a train has passed out of a section of track, in some places magnetic detectors are used for last vehicle proving. A permanent magnet suspended a few inches above the track from the last vehicle of a train passes right over a sensor which is positioned in the center of the track. The

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What kinds of axle counters does IR use?
July 16, 2019

Axle counters are widely used by IR to ensure that all wagons or coaches of a train have indeed passed a given point — out of a block section, out of the station limits, out of yard limits, other point zones, etc. ('last vehicle proving', 'block proving', or 'block verification', serving the same purpose as the visual 'Last Vehicle Check' or LVC

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What kinds of track circuits are used by IR?
July 16, 2019

The most common form of track circuit used is the detection of a train by the closing of an electrical circuit between the two rails because of the conducting nature of the rolling stock. This circuit may use DC in the simplest form, or may use AC, at various frequencies or with coded pulses. DC Track Circuit (double-rail) Double-rail DC track

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What are Locking Tables and Pull Sheets?
July 16, 2019

A Locking Table is a table that gives the complete set of interlocking relationships among signal and point levers in a cabin. A Pull Sheeet is similar, in that it conveys the same information, but is geared towards the lever operator's convenience in showing which other levers need to be pulled for any lever. A sample locking table is shown

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How are points operated?
July 16, 2019

When signals are operated by single-wire transmission, points are always operated by rodding. Rodding refers to the long rods or tubes that one can see running parallel to the rails from cabins which have point levers, or from line-side point levers, and connecting with the tongue rails so that the action of the point lever moves the tongue rails

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What are modified non-interlocked (MNI) stations?
July 16, 2019

Modified non-interlocked stations are those where setting and locking the points releases a key which has to be used to pull off a signal; however, the block instruments are operated independently. So there is some minimal amount of a safety lock between the points and the signals, but it does not qualify as full-fledged interlocking. Source -

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